PRACTICAL GARDENING RESEARCH What to grow. What to buy. How to choose.
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The growing reference

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Start with the conditions you can offer. Explore plant identities, care decisions and practical growing guides, with climate and variety differences made clear.

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59 of 59 plant references

Outdoor ornamentals

Eastern redbud

Cercis canadensis

A spreading deciduous tree with spring flowers on bare wood, heart-shaped leaves and regional differences in cold, heat and drought performance.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Flowering dogwood

Cornus florida

An eastern North American understory tree with spring bracts, red fruit and a spreading crown, best matched to protected roots and reliable summer moisture.

Part shadeFull sun
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Outdoor ornamentals

Coral honeysuckle

Lonicera sempervirens

An eastern U.S. native twining vine for a supported flower display, with tubular blooms and a winter appearance that changes by climate.

Full sunPart shade
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Outdoor ornamentals

Star jasmine

Trachelospermum jasminoides

A fragrant evergreen twining vine for sheltered mild-winter sites, or a supported container that can receive suitable winter protection.

Full sunPart shade
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Herbs

Common chives

Allium schoenoprasum

A clump-forming perennial with mild onion-flavored leaves and edible flowers, suited to repeated small harvests and occasional division.

Full sunPart shade
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Herbs

Dill

Anethum graveolens

An annual herb whose feathery leaves, yellow flowerheads and mature seeds require different harvest plans and space commitments.

Full sun
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Herbs

Culinary sage

Salvia officinalis

A small woody culinary perennial whose leafy framework, drainage and eventual replacement matter more than repeated severe cutting.

Full sun
Growing reference

Herbs

Oregano

Origanum vulgare

A variable perennial species with culinary and ornamental selections; Greek oregano is a subspecies, while several other oregano-named herbs are different plants.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Oakleaf hydrangea

Hydrangea quercifolia

A broad deciduous shrub whose lobed leaves, aging flower clusters and winter bark reward a generous permanent position.

Full sunPart shade
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Outdoor ornamentals

Virginia sweetspire

Itea virginica

A flexible flowering shrub for a planned colony, with arching white racemes and autumn color that depend on room for its spreading habit.

Full sunPart shade
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Outdoor ornamentals

Common ninebark

Physocarpus opulifolius

A deciduous shrub with an arching cane framework, distinctive mature bark and cultivar choices that change both size and foliage color.

Full sunPart shade
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Outdoor ornamentals

American beautyberry

Callicarpa americana

A loose deciduous shrub grown chiefly for fruit clustered around its stems, best given a role that allows a changing seasonal outline.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Wild daffodil

Narcissus pseudonarcissus

A small spring trumpet daffodil for a persistent planting where its leaves can finish growing before mowing or summer changeover.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Garden dahlia

Dahlia garden hybrids (mixed parentage)

Tender garden hybrids grown from tuberous roots, rooted cuttings or seed, with size and flower form that determine support and summer care.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Garden gladiolus

Gladiolus garden hybrids (chiefly large-flowered types)

Summer-flowering garden hybrids grown from corms, suited to upright border accents and planned successions of cut-flower spikes.

Full sun
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Garden tulip

Tulipa gesneriana and associated garden hybrids

Garden border tulips offer a spring display whose timing, height and likelihood of returning depend on the named group and growing conditions.

Full sun
Growing reference

Houseplants

Golden pothos

Epipremnum aureum

A climbing or trailing foliage plant whose familiar yellow-marbled juvenile leaves need a reachable root zone and a realistic route for new vines.

Bright indirect light
Growing reference

Houseplants

Snake plant

Dracaena trifasciata

An upright clumping houseplant with substantial underground rhizomes; choose its cultivar, root-zone moisture cycle, and container stability together.

Bright indirect light
Growing reference

Houseplants

Spider plant

Chlorophytum comosum

An arching rosette with thick roots and hanging plantlets; its brown tips call for a pattern-based review of water, salts, and growing conditions.

Bright indirect light
Growing reference

Houseplants

Monstera deliciosa

Monstera deliciosa

A tropical climber with large adult leaves and a substantial indoor footprint; choose space, support, and access before pursuing more leaf splits.

Bright indirect light
Growing reference

Houseplants

Jade plant

Crassula ovata

A branching succulent for a bright window, with a long-term plan for canopy weight, drainage and manageable size.

Full sunBright indirect light
Growing reference

Houseplants

Mexican snowball

Echeveria elegans

A pale rosette succulent whose compact shape depends on usable light, careful handling and a pot that matches its roots.

Full sunPart shade
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Houseplants

Zebra haworthiopsis

Haworthiopsis attenuata

A compact, striped succulent for bright filtered light, with special attention to roots when the leaves begin to shrink.

Bright indirect lightPart shade
Growing reference

Houseplants

Christmas cactus

Schlumbergera × buckleyi

An arching, segmented forest cactus whose flowering depends on seasonal light cues and steady care through bud development.

Bright indirect lightPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Coleus

Coleus scutellarioides

A tender foliage plant whose light tolerance, shape, and need for pinching depend on the named selection.

Part shadeFull sunBright indirect light
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Fragrant plantain lily

Hosta plantaginea

A green-leaved hosta species grown for broad foliage and large fragrant white flowers that open toward evening.

Part shadeShade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Japanese painted fern

Athyrium niponicum var. pictum

A deciduous fern with silver, green, and purple fronds for a sheltered, moisture-retentive shade planting.

Part shadeShade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Hairy alumroot

Heuchera villosa

An eastern North American alumroot with substantial textured foliage and airy flowers, useful where summer heat challenges other heucheras.

Part shade
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Vegetables

Cabbage

Brassica oleracea (Capitata Group)

A cool-season vegetable grown for a compact head of overlapping leaves, with cultivar size and maturity determining how it fits a small garden.

Full sun
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Vegetables

Eggplant

Solanum melongena

A branching warm-season fruiting vegetable whose useful crop depends on sustained warmth, suitable cultivar maturity and support for fruit-bearing branches.

Full sun
Growing reference

Vegetables

Garden pea

Pisum sativum

A cool-season climbing or compact vegetable that includes shelling, snow and snap forms, with vine height determining its support and pod type determining harvest.

Full sun
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Vegetables

Leaf lettuce

Lactuca sativa

A nonheading lettuce type grown for loose rosettes of tender leaves, suited to small beds and containers when cool-season timing and regular harvesting fit the household.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Creeping phlox

Phlox subulata

A low spring-flowering groundcover for sunny, freely draining beds, rock gardens and manageable banks; confirm the species behind the common name.

Full sunPart shade
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Outdoor ornamentals

Pennsylvania sedge

Carex pensylvanica

A fine-textured sedge for a low woodland ground layer, with regional trial evidence, light-traffic limits and a spreading habit to plan around.

Part shadeShade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Wild ginger

Asarum canadense

A deciduous woodland groundcover with broad heart-shaped foliage, best considered for shade with reliable moisture and without culinary expectations.

Part shadeShade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Barren strawberry

Waldsteinia fragarioides

A low ornamental groundcover with yellow spring flowers and strawberry-like foliage; verify the North American species rather than buying by common name.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Vegetables

Tomato

Solanum lycopersicum

A frost-tender fruiting crop whose mature growth habit determines support, spacing and the rhythm of harvest.

Full sun
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Vegetables

Cucumber

Cucumis sativus

A frost-tender annual vine grown for young, crisp fruit; cultivar habit and pollination requirements determine the setup.

Full sun
Growing reference

Vegetables

Potato

Solanum tuberosum

A cool-season tuber crop started from seed potatoes, with separate harvest decisions for tender new potatoes and mature storage tubers.

Full sun
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Vegetables

Garlic

Allium sativum

A bulb crop usually planted as individual cloves in fall, with climate-adapted hardneck or softneck types harvested the following warm season.

Full sun
Growing reference

Vegetables

Broccoli

Brassica oleracea Italica Group

Heading broccoli grown for tight clusters of unopened flower buds, with crop timing centered on cool conditions during head development.

Full sun
Growing reference

Herbs

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus

An aromatic evergreen shrub whose long-term success depends on sun, drainage and a realistic winter location.

Full sun
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Herbs

Parsley

Petroselinum crispum

A leafy biennial commonly replaced each year, useful in beds and containers through cool growing weather.

Full sunPart shade
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Herbs

Spearmint

Mentha spicata

A vigorous culinary perennial for fresh leaves, best given its own container and a plan for spreading stems.

Full sunPart shade
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Herbs

Common thyme

Thymus vulgaris

A small woody culinary perennial for sunny, freely draining beds and pots, with useful flowers and aromatic leaves.

Full sun
Growing reference

Fruit & berries

Highbush blueberry

Vaccinium corymbosum and southern highbush hybrids

A long-lived fruiting shrub whose success depends on matching blueberry type to winter conditions and maintaining an acidic, aerated root zone.

Full sun
Growing reference

Fruit & berries

Red raspberry

Rubus idaeus cultivars

A perennial bramble with short-lived canes, delicate fruit and a pruning system determined by whether the cultivar fruits on first-year or second-year growth.

Full sun
Growing reference

Fruit & berries

Cultivated blackberry

Rubus species and cultivated hybrids (blackberry group)

Cultivated brambles ranging from upright bushes to long trailing canes, with support and pruning chosen around cane habit, fruiting age and regional adaptation.

Full sun
Growing reference

Fruit & berries

Garden strawberry

Fragaria × ananassa

A low-growing hybrid perennial fruit crop whose runners, planting depth and flowering type determine how a productive bed or container should be managed.

Full sun
Growing reference

Fruit & berries

Common fig

Ficus carica (common, parthenocarpic fruiting types)

A deciduous fruiting shrub or small tree that rewards a warm, sunny site, with winter protection chosen to preserve productive wood and give fruit time to ripen.

Full sun
Growing reference

Fruit & berries

Garden grape

Vitis vinifera, American Vitis species and cultivated interspecific hybrids (bunch grapes)

A woody perennial vine grown for clusters of fruit, with species ancestry, season length, regional disease pressure and pruning system all shaping the right garden choice.

Full sun
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Bigleaf hydrangea

Hydrangea macrophylla

A summer-flowering deciduous shrub whose success depends on preserving flower buds, matching light to heat, and choosing the right cultivar.

Part shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Panicle hydrangea

Hydrangea paniculata

A deciduous shrub or small tree with summer flower cones, broad cultivar size differences, and blooms produced on current-season growth.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Downy serviceberry

Amelanchier arborea

An eastern North American small tree or large shrub with early white flowers, bird-attracting fruit, and colorful autumn foliage.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Outdoor ornamentals

Purple coneflower

Echinacea purpurea

A clump-forming herbaceous perennial with pink-purple rays, prominent seed cones, and useful choices between extended flowers, seedheads, and stem habitat.

Full sunPart shade
Growing reference

Houseplants

Phalaenopsis orchid

Phalaenopsis hybrids

Common indoor moth-orchid hybrids grown for arching flower spikes, with care governed by roots, potting medium, available light, and hybrid differences.

Bright indirect light
Growing reference

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